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Basic Theory

Electric Power Calculation

Electric Power Calculation Definition of Electric Power Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is converted to other forms of energy, representin…

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Electric Power Calculation

Definition of Electric Power

Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is converted to other forms of energy, representing the amount of work done per unit time.

Basic Formulas

P = V × I = I² × R = V² / R

Unit Conversions

  • 1W = 1J/s
  • 1kW = 1000W
  • 1HP (Horsepower) ≈ 745.7W
  • DC Circuit Power

    P = V × I

    AC Circuit Power

    Active Power

    P = V × I × cos(φ)

    Unit: Watt (W)

    Reactive Power

    Q = V × I × sin(φ)

    Unit: Var

    Apparent Power

    S = V × I

    Unit: Volt-Ampere (VA)

    Power Triangle

    S² = P² + Q²

    Practical Applications

    Calculating Electricity Cost

    Cost = Power (kW) × Time (h) × Rate

    Example

    A 100W light bulb is used for 10 hours. What is the electricity cost? (Rate: 0.5 yuan/kWh)

    Energy consumed = 0.1kW × 10h = 1kWh
    Cost = 1kWh × 0.5 yuan/kWh = 0.5 yuan